Online discussions aren’t a new thing anymore; they regularly occur in online courses and courses with online components. What we’ve learned for sure: they’re a mixed bag. On the plus side, they make participation safer. Students can make a post, walk away, and not worry about nonverbal, face-to-face feedback. Comments are written, which means there’s more time to craft a thoughtful response and more opportunities to work on writing skills. The discussion has permanence. Student comments stay put for the duration of the exchange. The whole interaction can be reviewed and analyzed in great depth. When students are assigned to respond to comments, that ups the chances of peers learning from each other. And the discussion can occur asynchronously.
To continue reading, you must be a Teaching Professor Subscriber.
Please log in or sign up for full access.
Love ’em or hate ’em, student evaluations of teaching (SETs) are here to stay. Parts <a href="https://www.teachingprofessor.com/free-article/its-time-to-discuss-student-evaluations-bias-with-our-students-seriously/" target="_blank"...
Online discussions aren’t a new
thing anymore; they regularly occur in online courses and courses with online
components. What we’ve learned for sure: they’re a mixed bag. On the plus side,
they make participation safer. Students can make a post, walk away, and not
worry about nonverbal, face-to-face feedback. Comments are written, which means
there’s more time to craft a thoughtful response and more opportunities to work
on writing skills. The discussion has permanence. Student comments stay put for
the duration of the exchange. The whole interaction can be reviewed and
analyzed in great depth. When students are assigned to respond to comments, that
ups the chances of peers learning from each other. And the discussion can occur
asynchronously.
The downsides of online discussion balance its impressive benefits. It lacks spontaneity, the energy that flows from a dynamic exchange of ideas. Students usually participate in response to prescribed protocols. They must make a comment and respond to two other posts. The linear nature of these exchanges makes it hard to follow a discussion thread and see the connections between comments. Threads read like disjointed monologues. Moreover, online discussions tend to be short. They don’t build toward a conclusion. Students do what they’re required to do but with little enthusiasm and one wonders how much learning.
The effectiveness of online
discussion has been limited by the imposition of face-to-face protocols in an environment
where they don’t particularly fit. We’ve tried to structure them as traditional
discussions: an exchange of comments, often required, and posted during a
designated time period. The technology works against this kind of structure. We
need to start thinking of online exchanges as a different form of interaction.
A participant in one of my recent workshops
described what he called the “online discussion environment,” an idea he said
he got from an article by Gao (2011). The problem, he said, was that you can’t
see where the discussion is going or has been when online exchanges occur
linearly. The posts appear one after another, and before long, any given
comment is lost in the sea of comments surrounding it. But in the online
environment, it’s possible to position what’s being exchanged differently. The
posts can be arranged visually, and that’s how Gao handled them, using the idea
of concept maps.
Concept maps are all about visually presenting relationships. Gao developed a discussion map using a collaborative concept map website. It puts the discussion prompt at the center of the map, with posts radiating out from it in bubbles and responses to posts appearing as sub-bubbles. Discussion participants also used lines to connect posts across and within bubbles. Comparing the number of connections students made in a conventional online discussion with those made using the discussion map, Gao found that on the map, they made significantly more connections and there was greater development of threads within the discussion. Even though the study was small, Gao’s students responded to the discussion map positively, reporting that it was easier to extend and build on ideas.
Some of the problems that
regularly occur in face-to-face discussions have migrated into online
discussions. Most students aren’t eager to participate in either kind of
discussion. Many have yet to discover that they can learn from other students’
ideas and insights, and most don’t like to be required to participate in what
they consider boring discussions. Aloni and Harrington (2019), in an excellent
article on improving online discussions, recommend devoting time to explaining
the purpose of discussion and using discussion starters, whether provocative thinking
questions, scenarios, role
plays, or other creative alternatives; they also encourage teachers to
work on developing effective facilitation skills.
Designing learning experiences for
an online environment gives us the opportunity to think about different
structures. Unfortunately, it’s easy to forget that design details are
malleable. They can be changed. Online discussions make it possible to learn from
interactions in a different way. That learning is more likely to occur if we are
responsive to the features of the online environment.
References
Aloni, M., & Harrington, C.
(2019). Research based practices for improving the effectiveness of asynchronous
online discussion boards. Scholarship of
Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 4(4), 271–289.
Gao, F. (2011). Designing a
discussion environment to promote connected and sustained online discussion. Journal of Educational Multimedia and
Hypermedia, 29 (1), 43–59.