Assignments

Helping Students Discover How to Omit Needless Words

When students have completed what they think is the final draft of an essay, I find it useful to do the following editing activity. I don’t tell students what we are about to do. I want them to discover the process of omitting needless words.

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Could We Be Doing Better with Our Assignments?

Assignments are a terribly important part of the teaching and learning equation. They aren’t just random activities that faculty ask students to complete for points and grades; they are the vehicles through which students learn course content. By studying for exams and engaging with content

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What Makes a Good Case Study?

Herreid and colleagues have asked themselves the question raised in the title. To answer, they surveyed the more than 1,300 teachers on the Center’s listserv (mostly biologists and faculty who teach health-related subjects), asking them to identify their favorite case and say what made it

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Use Team Charters to Improve Group Assignments

A recent and excellent article that proposes a model for “building teams that learn” recommends that teachers have students develop a team charter early in their interaction. “Completing a team charter encourages team members to set goals and discuss how they will work together; it

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Feed-Forward: Constructive Feedback for Future Assignments

There continues to be interest in the kind of feedback that helps students make changes that improve their work. Take something called feed-forward, for example. It’s defined as “timely and constructive feedback that feeds into the next assignment.” (p. 451) Here’s a study that assessed

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Teacher Questions: An Alternative?

Kant declared false the commonplace saying “That may be true in theory, but it won’t work in practice.” He acknowledged that there might be difficulties in application, but he said that if a proposition is true in theory, it must work in practice. What about

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Teaching Goal-Writing to All Students

On the first day of classes two years ago, I had students in my professional and technical writing course send me an email with their goals for the semester. I discovered they had no understanding of goals, expectations, or objectives. I realized there are reasons why

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Creative Assignments: Where Do They Belong?

Can you teach students to be creative? Most of us would say no. It’s more like trying to teach for it—encouraging it, promoting it, acknowledging when it happens, and rewarding it. Despite the difficulties associated with teaching creativity, teachers shouldn’t be excused from trying to

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Thinking about Writing Assignments Developmentally

Often the articles highlighted in The Teaching Professor are examples of pedagogical scholarship that could beneficially be done in many fields. That is the case with this piece on developing writing assignments, but it also contains content useful to any faculty member who uses writing

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Keeping Students on Board with Concept Maps

The benefits of concept maps are well established. They encourage students to organize knowledge and do so in ways meaningful to them. They help students sort out, prioritize, and understand relationships between terms, concepts, and ideas. Students can also use concept maps to forge relationships

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When students have completed what they think is the final draft of an essay, I find it useful to do the following editing activity. I don't tell students what we are about to do. I want them to discover the process of omitting needless words. Here are the steps I use, which you are welcome to use or adapt.
  1. Dictate two sentences, which students write down in their notebooks. I prefer having students discover the words as I say them rather than seeing the completed sentence, say, on a PowerPoint.Personally I feel that both men and women are equally guilty of gossiping. The point that I wish to make is essentially that people learn best what they teach others.  
  2. After students transcribe the sentences, ask them to count the number of words in each sentence: 13 and 17.
  3. Ask “Is there a problem with these sentences?” Someone will likely say the sentences are too wordy. Yes.
  4. Then ask students to cross out needless words and count the number of words in their revision. Ask some students to share their revisions with the class. Some sentences will still be wordy. Keep pushing for the most concise versions possible. Here are two examples: Both men and women gossip. (5) People learn best by teaching others. (6)
  5. Briefly discuss the revisions, especially how redundant it is to write “Personally I feel.” You can comment that students usually don't need to write “I feel” or “I think.” Readers will know from the sentence that's what the writer “feels” or “thinks.”
  6. Ask students to write down the lesson in capital letters beneath their examples: “OMIT NEEDLESS WORDS” (which comes from Strunk and White's Elements of Style).
  7. Last—and most important—have students apply this editing tool to their own papers. Tell them to go through their essay and cross out needless words (which often involves rewriting some sentences). Heads lowered in concentration, students will do this. It helps to tell students that you aren't asking them to omit specific details—only needless words. You can roam around the class helping students.
It's important to reinforce this editing activity throughout the term so it becomes a habit. Whenever students have a second or third draft of a paper, you can dictate a wordy sentence or two for them to transcribe and edit. Then have students edit their own writing, omitting needless words.
Contact William Palmer at palmer@alma.edu.